animal

Book Review: Draft Animals in the Past, Present and Future by Claus Kropp and Lena Zoll (eds)

Author(s)
Rena Maguire 1
Publication Date
The domestication and subsequent training of strong animals to pull vehicles was a game changer for humans. Just like the first person who jumped onto a horse and hung on as they veered giddily towards a new horizon, driving and draft meant that humans got places faster – goods could be stored in a vehicle for longer journeys, trade goods became more than what a human could carry on their backs...

The Vertical Olive Crushing Mill as a Machine and its Energy Balance - A Preliminary Approach

Author(s)
Antonis G. Katsarakis 1
Publication Date
The vertical crushing mill turns the olives into pulp by combining the rotational and rolling motion of a heavy upright stone wheel that moves with continuous contact along a circular horizontal trajectory on a stationary base which forms the system's frame of reference. It was devised during the Hellenistic period and served as one of the most important and impressive means of production in the pre-industrial...

Experiments on Possible Stone Age Glue Types

Author(s)
Werner Pfeifer 1
Marco Claußen 1
Publication Date
These experiments cover the making and testing of several possible glue types that might have been used in the hunter and gatherer period of the European Stone Age. Glue types produced in these experiments are: 1. Birch bark tar and pitch, 2. Pine wood tar and pitch, 3. Pine resin / wax glue, 4. Pine resin / wax / charcoal glue, 5. Hide glue and 6. Blue Bell glue...

Butser Ancient Farm

Author(s)
Maureen Page 1
Publication Date

Nestled among the rolling hills of the South Downs National Park, Butser Ancient Farm in Chalton has been an archaeological research site since 1972. The farm was originally set up on Little Butser, a spur of Butser Hill. It was established with support from the Council for British Archaeology...